Metformin

Type 2 Diabetes Treatment: Metformin is primarily prescribed to people with type 2 diabetes, a condition characterized by insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels. It is often used as the first-line treatment for this type of diabetes.

Blood Sugar Control: Metformin works by increasing the sensitivity of cells to insulin, allowing them to take up more glucose from the bloodstream. It also reduces the liver's production of glucose, which helps lower overall blood sugar levels.

Other Uses: In addition to treating diabetes, metformin is sometimes used off-label for conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to help regulate menstrual cycles and improve insulin sensitivity.

Dosage: Metformin comes in various forms, including immediate-release tablets, extended-release tablets, and liquid. The dosage and form prescribed may vary depending on the individual's needs and tolerance.

Side Effects: Common side effects of metformin may include gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal discomfort. These side effects often improve over time. More serious side effects are rare but can include lactic acidosis (a potentially life-threatening condition) and vitamin B12 deficiency.

Monitoring: If you are prescribed metformin, your healthcare provider will monitor your blood sugar levels regularly to ensure they are within the target range and to check for any potential side effects or complications.

Lifestyle Changes: Metformin is typically used in combination with lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise, to help manage diabetes effectively.